Supplemental Information Regarding Third-Party Contractors:
In the course of complying with its obligations under the law and providing educational services, Southampton UFSD has entered into agreements with certain third-party contractors. Pursuant to such agreements, third-party contractors may have access to "student data" and/or "teacher or principal data.” Each contract the Agency enters into with a third party contractor where the third party contractor receives student data or teacher or principal data will include information addressing the following:
- The exclusive purposes for which the student data or teacher or principal data will be used;
- How the third party contractor will ensure that the subcontractors, persons or entities that the third party contractor will share the student data or teacher or principal data with, if any, will abide by data protection and security requirements;
- When the agreement expires and what happens to the student data or teacher or principal data upon expiration of the agreement;
- If and how a parent, student, eligible student, teacher or principal may challenge the accuracy of the student data or teacher or principal data that is collected; and
- Where the student data or teacher or principal data will be stored (described in such a manner as to protect data security), and the security protections taken to ensure such data will be protected, including whether such data will be encrypted.
Third Party Contractors are required to:
- Provide training on federal and state law governing confidentiality to any officers, employees, or assignees who have access to student data or teacher or principal data;
- Limit internal access to education records to those individuals who have a legitimate educational interest in such records. |
- Not use educational records for any other purpose than those explicitly authorized in the contract;
- Not disclose personally identifiable information to any other party (i) without the prior written consent of the parent or eligible student; or (ii) unless required by statute or court order and the third-party contractor provides a notice of the disclosure to the New York State Education Department, board of education, or institution that provided the information no later than the time the information is disclosed, unless providing notice of the disclosure is expressly prohibited by the statute or court order;
- Maintain reasonable administrative, technical and physical safeguards to protect the security, c onfidentiality a n d integrity of personally identifiable student information in its custody
- Use encryption technology to protect data while in motion or in its custody from unauthorized disclosure as specified in Education Law §2-d;
- Notify Southampton UFSD of any breach of security resulting in an unauthorized release of student data or teacher or principal data, in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay;
- Provide a data security and privacy plan outlining how all state, federal and local data security and privacy contract requirements will be implemented over the life of the contract;
- Provide a signed copy of this Bill of Rights to Southampton UFSD thereby acknowledging that they aware of and agree to abide by this Bill of Rights.
This Bill of Rights is subject to change based on regulations of the Commissioner of Education and the New York State Education Department’s Chief Privacy Officer, as well as emerging guidance documents.
Southampton Public Schools
Parents’ Bill of Rights Regarding Data Privacy and Security
Parents and guardians of students attending school in the Southampton Union Free School District are advised that they have the following rights with regard to student data:
- Student data will not be released or sold by the District for commercial purposes.
- A parent or guardian has the right to inspect and review the complete contents of his or her child’s education record.
- State and Federal law protect the confidentiality of personally identifiable information. The District utilizes the following safeguards to protect personally identifiable information: encryption, password protection, confidential information is destroyed in accordance with approved records schedules, etc.
- A list of all student data elements collected by New York State is available for public review at http://www.p12.nysed.gov/irs/sirs/documentation/NYSEDstudentData.xlsx or by writing to Office of Information & Reporting Services, New York State Education
Department, Room 86E EBA, 89 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12234.
- Parents and guardians have the right to have complaints about possible breaches of student data addressed. Complaints should be addressed to Dr. Nicholas Dyno at 70 Leland Lane, telephone at 631-591-4531.
This Bill of Rights will be included with every contract entered into by the District with an outside contractor if the contractor will receive student data or teacher or principal data. This Bill of Rights will be supplemented to include information about each contract that the District enters into with an outside contractor receiving confidential student data or teacher or principal data, including the exclusive purpose(s) for which the data will be used, how the contractor will ensure confidentiality and data protection and security requirements, the date of expiration of the contract and what happens to the data upon the expiration of the contract, if and how the accuracy of the data collected can be challenged, where the data will be stored and the security protections that will be taken.
By: ______________________________________ Dated: ______________________________ Name, Title
EDUCATION LAW 2-d RIDER
New York State Education Law 2-d was enacted in 2014 to address concerns relative to securing certain personally identifiable information. In order to comply with the requirements of Education Law 2-d, educational agencies and certain third-party contractors who contract with educational agencies must take certain additional steps to secure such data. These steps include enacting and complying with a Parents’ “Bill of Rights” relative to protected data, ensuring that each third-party contractor has a detailed data privacy plan in place to ensure the security of such data, and that each third-party contractor sign a copy of the educational agency’s Parents’ Bill of Rights, thereby signifying that the third-party contractor will comply with such Parents’ Bill of Rights. This Agreement is subject to the requirements of Education Law 2-d and is a covered third-party contractor.
In order to comply with the mandates of Education Law 2-d, and notwithstanding any provision of the Agreement between Southampton Union Free School District (“DISTRICT”) and ___________________(“____”) to the contrary, ____ agrees as follows:
____ will treat “Protected Data” (as defined below) as confidential and shall protect the nature of the Protected Data by using the same degree of care, but not less than a reasonable degree of care, as _______ uses to protect its own confidential data, so as to prevent the unauthorized dissemination or publication of Protected Data to third parties. _______ shall not disclose Protected Data other than to those of its employees or agents who have a need to know such Protected Data under this Agreement. _______ shall not use Protected Data for any other purposes than those explicitly provided for in this Agreement. All Protected Data shall remain the property of the disclosing party. As more fully discussed below, _______ shall have in place sufficient internal controls to ensure that the DISTRICT’s and/or Participants’ Protected Data is safeguarded in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the Children’s
Internet Protection Act, Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (“FERPA”) and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), if applicable.
“Protected Data” includes any information rendered confidential by State or federal law, including, but not limited to student data, student demographics, scheduling, attendance, grades, health and discipline tracking, and all other data reasonably considered to be sensitive or confidential data by the DISTRICT and/or a Participant. Protected Data also includes any information protected under Education Law 2-d including, but not limited to:
“Personally identifiable information” from student records of the DISTRICT and/or its Participants as that term is defined in §99.3 of FERPA,
-AND-
Personally identifiable information from the records of the DISTRICT and/or its Participants relating to the annual professional performance reviews of classroom teachers or principals that is confidential and not subject to release under the provisions of Education Law 3012-c.
_______ and/or any subcontractor, affiliate, or entity that may receive, collect, store, record or display any Protected Data shall comply with New York State Education Law § 2-d. As applicable, _______ agrees to comply with the DISTRICT policy(ies) on data security and privacy. _______ shall promptly reimburse DISTRICT and/or its Participants for the full cost of notifying a parent, eligible student, teacher, or principal of an unauthorized release of Protected Data by _______, its subcontractors, and/or assignees. In the event this Agreement expires, is not renewed or is terminated, _______ shall return all of DISTRICT and/or its Participants’ data, including any and all Protected Data, in its possession by secure transmission.
Data Security and Privacy Plan
_______ and/or any subcontractor, affiliate, or entity that may receive, collect, store, record or display any of DISTRICT and/or its Participant’s Protected Data, shall maintain a Data Security and Privacy Plan that includes the following elements:
- A provision incorporating the requirements of DISTRICT Parents’ Bill of Rights for data security and privacy, to the extent that any of the provisions in the Bill of Rights applies to _______’s possession and use of Protected Data pursuant to this Agreement.
- An outline of how all state, federal, and local data security and privacy contract requirements will be implemented over the life of the contract, consistent with the
_______’s policy on data security and privacy.
- An outline of the measures taken by _______ to secure Protected Data and to limit access to such data to authorized staff.
- An outline of how _______ will use “best practices” and industry standards with respect to data storage, privacy and protection, including, but not limited to encryption, firewalls, passwords, protection of off-site records, and limitations of access to stored data to authorized staff.
- An outline of how will ensure that any subcontractors, persons or entities with which will share Protected Data, if any, will abide by the requirements of _______’s policy on data security and privacy, and the contractual obligations with respect to Protected Data set forth herein.
DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY PLAN
- Attached hereto as Exhibit “B” is a copy of _______’s Data and Privacy Plan.
- Attached hereto as Exhibit “C” is a copy of the District’s Bill of Rights signed by _______.
NIST Framework
As required by Education Law 2-D, Southampton Public Schools' Data Security and Privacy Plan aligns with the state’s data security and privacy standard. SPS has adopted the National Institute for Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF 1.1) as the standard for educational agencies.
Pursuant to Education Law sections 2-d, 101, 207 and 305,
Pursuant to Education Law sections 2-d, 101, 207 and 305,
Part 121 of the Regulations of the Commissioner of Education
Strengthening Data Privacy and Security in NY State Educational Agencies to
Protect Personally Identifiable Information
§121.1 Definitions.
As used in this Part, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(a) Breach means the unauthorized acquisition, access, use, or disclosure of
student data and/or teacher or principal data by or to a person not authorized to acquire,
access, use, or receive the student data and/or teacher or principal data.
(b) Chief Privacy Officer means the Chief Privacy Officer appointed by the
Commissioner pursuant to Education Law §2-d.
(c) Commercial or Marketing Purpose means the sale of student data; or its
use or disclosure for purposes of receiving remuneration, whether directly or indirectly;
the use of student data for advertising purposes, or to develop, improve or market
products or services to students.
(d) Contract or other written agreement means a binding agreement between
an educational agency and a third-party, which shall include but not be limited to an
agreement created in electronic form and signed with an electronic or digital signature
or a click wrap agreement that is used with software licenses, downloaded and/or online
applications and transactions for educational technologies and other technologies in
which a user must agree to terms and conditions prior to using the product or service.
(e) Disclose or Disclosure mean to permit access to, or the release, transfer,
or other communication of personally identifiable information by any means, including
oral, written, or electronic, whether intended or unintended.
(f) Education Records means an education record as defined in the Family
Educational Rights and Privacy Act and its implementing regulations, 20 U.S.C. 1232g
and 34 C.F.R. Part 99, respectively.
(g) Educational Agency means a school district, board of cooperative
educational services (BOCES), school, or the Department.
(h) Eligible Student means a student who is eighteen years or older.
(i) Encryption means methods of rendering personally identifiable information
unusable, unreadable, or indecipherable to unauthorized persons through the use of a
technology or methodology specified or permitted by the Secretary of the United States
department of health and human services in guidance issued under Section
13402(H)(2) of Public Law 111-5.
(j) FERPA means the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and its
implementing regulations, 20 U.S.C. 1232g and 34 C.F.R. Part 99, respectively.
(k) NIST Cybersecurity Framework means the U.S. Department of Commerce
National Institute for Standards and Technology Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity Version 1.1 which is available at the Office of Counsel,
State Education Department, State Education Building, Room 148, 89 Washington
Avenue, Albany, New York 12234.
(l) Parent means a parent, legal guardian, or person in parental relation to a
student.
(m) Personally Identifiable Information, as applied to student data, means
personally identifiable information as defined in section 99.3 of Title 34 of the Code of
Federal Regulations implementing the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20
U.S.C 1232g, and as applied to teacher and principal data, means personally
identifiable information as such term is defined in Education Law §3012-c (10).
(n) Release shall have the same meaning as Disclosure or Disclose.
(o) School means any public elementary or secondary school including a
charter school, universal pre-kindergarten program authorized pursuant to Education
Law §3602-e, an approved provider of preschool special education, any other publicly
funded pre-kindergarten program, a school serving children in a special act school
district as defined in Education Law §4001, an approved private school for the
education of students with disabilities, a State-supported school subject to the
provisions of Article 85 of the Education Law, or a State-operated school subject to the
provisions of Articles 87 or 88 of the Education Law .
(p) Student means any person attending or seeking to enroll in an educational
agency.
(q) Student Data means personally identifiable information from the student
records of an educational agency.
(r) Teacher or Principal Data means personally identifiable information from
the records of an educational agency relating to the annual professional performance
reviews of classroom teachers or principals that is confidential and not subject to
release under the provisions of Education Law §§3012-c and 3012-d.
(s) Third-Party Contractor means any person or entity, other than an
educational agency, that receives student data or teacher or principal data from an
educational agency pursuant to a contract or other written agreement for purposes of
providing services to such educational agency, including but not limited to data
management or storage services, conducting studies for or on behalf of such
educational agency, or audit or evaluation of publicly funded programs. Such term shall
include an educational partnership organization that receives student and/or teacher or
principal data from a school district to carry out its responsibilities pursuant to Education
Law §211-e and is not an educational agency, and a not-for-profit corporation or other
nonprofit organization, other than an educational agency.
(t) Unauthorized Disclosure or Unauthorized Release means any disclosure
or release not permitted by federal or State statute or regulation, any lawful contract or
written agreement, or that does not respond to a lawful order of a court or tribunal or
other lawful order.
§121.2 Educational Agency Data Collection Transparency and Restrictions.
(a) Educational agencies shall not sell personally identifiable information nor
use or disclose it for any marketing or commercial purpose or facilitate its use or
disclosure by any other party for any marketing or commercial purpose or permit
another party to do so.
(b) Each educational agency shall take steps to minimize its collection,
processing and transmission of personally identifiable information.
(c) Each educational agency shall ensure that it has provisions in its contracts
with third party contractors or in separate data sharing and confidentiality agreements
that require the confidentiality of shared student data or teacher or principal data be
maintained in accordance with federal and state law and the educational agency's data
security and privacy policy.
(d) Except as required by law or in the case of educational enrollment data,
school districts shall not report to the department the following student data elements:
(1) juvenile delinquency records;
(2) criminal records;
(3) medical and health records;and
(4) student biometric information.
§121.3 Bill of Rights for Data Privacy and Security.
(a) Each educational agency shall publish on its website a parent’s bill of
rights for data privacy and security (“bill of rights”) that complies with the provisions of
Education Law §2-d (3).
(b) The bill of rights shall also be included with every contract an educational
agency enters with a third-party contractor that receives personally identifiable
information.
(c) The bill of rights shall also include supplemental information for each
contract the educational agency enters into with a third-party contractor where the third party contractor receives student data or teacher or principal data. The supplemental
information must be developed by the educational agency and include the following
information:
(1) the exclusive purposes for which the student data or teacher or principal
data will be used by the third-party contractor, as defined in the contract;
(2) how the third-party contractor will ensure that the subcontractors, or other
authorized persons or entities to whom the third-party contractor will
disclose the student data or teacher or principal data, if any, will abide by
all applicable data protection and security requirements, including but not
limited to those outlined in applicable state and federal laws and
regulations (e.g., FERPA; Education Law §2-d);
(3) the duration of the contract, including the contract’s expiration date and a
description of what will happen to the student data or teacher or principal
data upon expiration of the contract or other written agreement (e.g.,
whether, when and in what format it will be returned to the educational
agency, and/or whether, when and how the data will be destroyed).
(4) if and how a parent, student, eligible student, teacher or principal may
challenge the accuracy of the student data or teacher or principal data that
is collected;
(5) where the student data or teacher or principal data will be stored,
described in such a manner as to protect data security, and the security
protections taken to ensure such data will be protected and data security
and privacy risks mitigated; and
(6) address how the data will be protected using encryption while in motion
and at rest.
(d) Each educational agency shall publish on its website the supplement to
the bill of rights for any contract or other written agreement with a third-party contractor
that will receive personally identifiable information.
(e) The bill of rights and supplemental information may be redacted to the
extent necessary to safeguard the privacy and/or security of the educational agency’s
data and/or technology infrastructure.
§121.4 Complaints of Breach or Unauthorized Release of Personally Identifiable
Information
(a) Each educational agency must establish and communicate to parents,
eligible students, teachers, principals or other staff of an educational agency, its
procedures for them to file complaints about breaches or unauthorized releases of
student data and/or teacher or principal data.
(b) The complaint procedures must require educational agencies to promptly
acknowledge receipt of complaints, commence an investigation, and take the necessary
precautions to protect personally identifiable information.
(c) Following its investigation of a submitted complaint, the educational
agency shall provide the parent or eligible student, teacher, principal or any other staff
member of the educational agency who filed a complaint with its findings within a
reasonable period but no more than 60 calendar days from the receipt of the complaint
by the educational agency. Where the educational agency requires additional time, or
where the response may compromise security or impede a law enforcement
investigation, the educational agency shall provide the parent, eligible student, teacher,
principal or any other staff member of the educational agency who filed a complaint with
a written explanation that includes the approximate date when the educational agency
anticipates that it will respond to the complaint.
(d) Educational agencies may require complaints to be submitted in writing.
(e) Educational agencies must maintain a record of all complaints of breaches
or unauthorized releases of student data and their disposition in accordance with
applicable data retention policies, including the Records Retention and Disposition
Schedule ED-1 (1988; rev. 2004), as set forth in section 185.12, Appendix I of this Title.
§121.5 Data Security and Privacy Standard.
(a) As required by Education Law §2-d (5), the Department adopts the
National Institute for Standards and Technology Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity Version 1.1 (NIST Cybersecurity Framework or NIST CSF)
as the standard for data security and privacy for educational agencies.
(b) No later than July 1, 2020, each educational agency shall adopt and
publish a data security and privacy policy that implements the requirements of this Part
and aligns with the NIST CSF.
(c) Each educational agency’s data security and privacy policy must also
address the data privacy protections set forth in Education Law §2-d (5)(b)(1) and (2) as
follows:
(1) every use and disclosure of personally identifiable information by the
educational agency shall benefit students and the educational agency
(e.g., improve academic achievement, empower parents and students with
information, and/or advance efficient and effective school operations).
(2) personally identifiable information shall not be included in public reports or
other documents.
(d) An educational agency’s data security and privacy policy shall include all
the protections afforded to parents or eligible students, where applicable, under FERPA
and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.), and the
federal regulations implementing such statutes.
(e) Each educational agency must publish its data security and privacy policy
on its website and provide notice of the policy to all its officers and employees.
§121.6 Data Security and Privacy Plan.
(a) Each educational agency that enters into a contract with a third-party
contractor shall ensure that the contract includes the third-party contractor’s data
security and privacy plan that is accepted by the educational agency. The data security
and privacy plan shall, at a minimum:
(1) outline how the third-party contractor will implement all state, federal, and
local data security and privacy contract requirements over the life of the
contract, consistent with the educational agency's data security and
privacy policy;
(2) specify the administrative, operational and technical safeguards and
practices it has in place to protect personally identifiable information that it
will receive under the contract;
(3) demonstrate that it complies with the requirements of Section 121.3(c) of
this Part;
(4) specify how officers or employees of the third-party contractor and its
assignees who have access to student data, or teacher or principal data
receive or will receive training on the federal and state laws governing
confidentiality of such data prior to receiving access;
(5) specify if the third-party contractor will utilize sub-contractors and how it
will manage those relationships and contracts to ensure personally
identifiable information is protected;
(6) specify how the third-party contractor will manage data security and
privacy incidents that implicate personally identifiable information including
specifying any plans to identify breaches and unauthorized disclosures,
and to promptly notify the educational agency;
(7) describe whether, how and when data will be returned to the educational
agency, transitioned to a successor contractor, at the educational
agency’s option and direction, deleted or destroyed by the third-party
contractor when the contract is terminated or expires.
§121.7 Training for Educational Agency Employees.
Educational agencies shall annually provide data privacy and security awareness
training to their officers and employees with access to personally identifiable
information. Such training should include but not be limited to training on the state and
federal laws that protect personally identifiable information, and how employees can
comply with such laws. Such training may be delivered using online training tools and
may be included as part of training the educational agency already offers to its
workforce.
§121.8 Educational Agency Data Protection Officer
(a) Each educational agency shall designate a Data Protection Officer to be
responsible for the implementation of the policies and procedures required in Education
Law §2-d and this Part, and to serve as the point of contact for data security and privacy
for the educational agency.
(b) Data Protection Officers must have the appropriate knowledge, training
and experience to administer the functions described in this Part.
(c) A current employee of an educational agency may perform this function in
addition to other job responsibilities.
§121.9 Third Party Contractors
(a) In addition to all other requirements for third-party contractors set forth in
this Part, each third-party contractor that will receive student data or teacher or principal
data shall:
(1) adopt technologies, safeguards and practices that align with the NIST
Cybersecurity Framework;
(2) comply with the data security and privacy policy of the educational agency
with whom it contracts; Education Law § 2-d; and this Part;
(3) limit internal access to personally identifiable information to only those
employees or sub-contractors that need access to provide the contracted
services;
(4) not use the personally identifiable information for any purpose not
explicitly authorized in its contract;
(5) not disclose any personally identifiable information to any other party
without the prior written consent of the parent or eligible student:
(i) except for authorized representatives of the third-party contractor such as
a subcontractor or assignee to the extent they are carrying out the
contract and in compliance with state and federal law, regulations and its
contract with the educational agency; or
(ii) unless required by statute or court order and the third-party contractor
provides a notice of disclosure to the department, district board of
education, or institution that provided the information no later than the time
the information is disclosed, unless providing notice of disclosure is
expressly prohibited by the statute or court order.
(6) maintain reasonable administrative, technical and physical safeguards to
protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of personally identifiable
information in its custody;
(7) use encryption to protect personally identifiable information in its custody
while in motion or at rest; and
(8) not sell personally identifiable information nor use or disclose it for any
marketing or commercial purpose or facilitate its use or disclosure by any
other party for any marketing or commercial purpose or permit another
party to do so.
(b) Where a third-party contractor engages a subcontractor to perform its
contractual obligations, the data protection obligations imposed on the third-party
contractor by state and federal law and contract shall apply to the subcontractor.
§121.10 Reports and Notifications of Breach and Unauthorized Release
(a) Third-party contractors shall promptly notify each educational agency with
which it has a contract of any breach or unauthorized release of personally identifiable
information in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay but no
more than seven calendar days after the discovery of such breach.
(b) Each educational agency shall in turn notify the Chief Privacy Officer of
the breach or unauthorized release no more than 10 calendar days after it receives the
third-party contractor’s notification using a form or format prescribed by the Department.
(c) Third-party contractors must cooperate with educational agencies and law
enforcement to protect the integrity of investigations into the breach or unauthorized
release of personally identifiable information.
(d) Educational agencies shall report every discovery or report of a breach or
unauthorized release of student, teacher or principal data to the Chief Privacy Officer
without unreasonable delay, but no more than 10 calendar days after such discovery.
(e) Educational agencies shall notify affected parents, eligible students,
teachers and/or principals in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable
delay, but no more than 60 calendar days after the discovery of a breach or
unauthorized release by an educational agency or the receipt of a notification of a
breach or unauthorized release from a third-party contractor unless that notification
would interfere with an ongoing investigation by law enforcement or cause further
disclosure of personally identifiable information by disclosing an unfixed security
vulnerability. Where notification is delayed under these circumstances, the educational
agency shall notify parents, eligible students, teachers and/or principals within seven
calendar days after the security vulnerability has been remedied or the risk of
interference with the law enforcement investigation ends.
(f) Where a breach or unauthorized release is attributed to a third-party
contractor, the third-party contractor shall pay for or promptly reimburse the educational
agency for the full cost of such notification.
(g) Notifications required by this section shall be clear, concise, use language
that is plain and easy to understand, and to the extent available, include: a brief
description of the breach or unauthorized release, the dates of the incident and the
date of discovery, if known; a description of the types of personally identifiable
information affected; an estimate of the number of records affected; a brief description
of the educational agency’s investigation or plan to investigate; and contact information
for representatives who can assist parents or eligible students that have additional
questions.
(h) Notification must be directly provided to the affected parent, eligible
student, teacher or principal by first-class mail to their last known address; by email; or
by telephone.
(i) Upon the belief that a breach or unauthorized release constitutes criminal
conduct, the Chief Privacy Officer shall report such breach and unauthorized release to
law enforcement in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay.
§121.11 Third Party Contractor Civil Penalties
(a) Each third party contractor that receives student data or teacher or
principal data pursuant to a contract or other written agreement with an educational
agency shall be required to notify such educational agency of any breach of security
resulting in an unauthorized release of such data by the third party contractor or its
assignees in violation of applicable state or federal law, the parents bill of rights for
student data privacy and security, the data privacy and security policies of the
educational agency and/or binding contractual obligations relating to data privacy and
security, in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay. Each
violation of this paragraph by a third-party contractor shall be punishable by a civil
penalty of the greater of $5,000 or up to $10 per student, teacher, and principal whose
data was released, provided that the latter amount shall not exceed the maximum
penalty imposed under General Business Law §899-aa (6) (a).
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (a) each violation of
Education Law §2-d by a third-party contractor or its assignee shall be punishable by a
civil penalty of up to $1,000.00; a second violation by the same third party contractor
involving the same data shall be punishable by a civil penalty of up to $5,000; any
subsequent violation by the same third party contractor involving the same data shall be
punishable by a civil penalty of up to $10,000. Each violation shall be considered a
separate violation for purposes of civil penalties and the total penalty shall not exceed
the maximum penalty imposed under General Business Law §899-aa (6) (a).
(c) The Chief Privacy Officer shall investigate reports of breaches or
unauthorized releases of student data or teacher or principal data by third-party
contractors. As part of an investigation, the Chief Privacy Officer may require that the
parties submit documentation, provide testimony, and may visit, examine and/or inspect
the third-party contractor’s facilities and records.
(d) Upon conclusion of an investigation, if the Chief Privacy Officer
determines that a third-party contractor has through its actions or omissions caused
student data or teacher or principal data to be breached or released to any person or
entity not authorized by law to receive such data in violation of applicable state or
federal law, the data and security policies of the educational agency, and/or any binding
contractual obligations, the Chief Privacy Officer shall notify the third-party contractor of
such finding and give the third-party contractor no more than 30 days to submit a written
response.
(e) () If after reviewing the third-party contractor’s written response, the Chief
Privacy Officer determines the incident to be a violation of Education Law §2-d,
the Chief Privacy Officer shall be authorized to:
(1) order the third-party contractor be precluded from accessing personally
identifiable information from the affected educational agency for a fixed
period of up to five years; and/or
(2) order that a third-party contractor or assignee who knowingly or recklessly
allowed for the breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher
or principal data be precluded from accessing student data or teacher or
principal data from any educational agency in the state for a fixed period
of up to five years; and/or
(3) order that a third party contractor who knowingly or recklessly allowed for
the breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher or principal
data shall not be deemed a responsible bidder or offeror on any contract
with an educational agency that involves the sharing of student data or
teacher or principal data, as applicable for purposes of the provisions of
General Municipal Law §103 or State Finance Law §163(10)(c), as
applicable, for a fixed period of up to five years;
(4) require the third-party contractor to provide additional training governing
confidentiality of student data and/or teacher or principal data to all its
officers and employees with reasonable access to such data and certify
that it has been performed, at the contractor's expense. Such additional
training must be performed immediately and include a review of federal
and state laws, rules, regulations, including Education Law §2-d and this
Part.
(f) If the Chief Privacy Officer determines that the breach or unauthorized
release of student data or teacher or principal data on the part of the third-party
contractor or assignee was inadvertent and done without intent, knowledge,
recklessness or gross negligence, the Chief Privacy Officer would make a
recommendation to the Commissioner that no penalty be issued upon the third-party
contractor. The Commissioner would then make a final determination as to whether the
breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher or principal data on the part
of the third-party contractor or assignee was inadvertent and done without intent,
knowledge, recklessness or gross negligence and whether or not a penalty should be
issued.
§121.12 Right of Parents and Eligible Students to Inspect and Review Students
Education Records
(a) Consistent with the obligations of the educational agency under FERPA,
parents and eligible students shall have the right to inspect and review a student’s
education record by making a request directly to the educational agency in a manner
prescribed by the educational agency.
(b) An educational agency shall ensure that only authorized individuals are
able to inspect and review student data. To that end, educational agencies shall take
steps to verify the identity of parents or eligible students who submit requests to inspect
and review an education record and verify the individual’s authority to do so.
(c) Requests by a parent or eligible student for access to a student’s
education records must be directed to an educational agency and not to a third-party
contractor. An educational agency may require that requests to inspect and review
education records be made in writing.
(d) Educational agencies are required to notify parents annually of their right
to request to inspect and review their child’s education record including any student
data stored or maintained by an educational agency. A notice issued by an educational
agency to comply with the FERPA annual notice requirement shall be deemed to satisfy
this requirement. Two separate annual notices shall not be required.
(e) Educational agencies shall comply with a request for access to records
within a reasonable period, but not more than 45 calendar days after receipt of a
request.
(f) Educational agencies may provide the records to a parent or eligible
student electronically, if the parent consents to such a delivery method. The educational
agency must transmit the personally identifiable information in a way that complies with
State and federal law and regulations. Safeguards associated with industry standards
and best practices, including but not limited to, encryption and password protection,
must be in place when education records requested by a parent or eligible student are
electronically transmitted.
§121.13 Chief Privacy Officer’s Powers
(a) The Chief Privacy Officer shall have the power to access all records,
reports, audits, reviews, documents, papers, recommendations, and other materials
maintained by an educational agency that relate to student data or teacher or principal
data, which shall include but not be limited to records related to any technology product
or service that will be utilized to store and/or process personally identifiable information.
(b) Based upon a review of such records, the Chief Privacy Officer may
require an educational agency to act to ensure that personally identifiable information is
protected in accordance with state and federal law and regulations, including but not
limited to requiring an educational agency to perform a privacy impact and security risk
assessment.
(c) The Chief Privacy Officer shall also have and exercise any other powers
that the commissioner shall deem appropriate.
§ 121.14 Severability.
If any provision of this Part or its application to any person or circumstances is
adjudged invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, such judgment shall not affect or
impair the validity of the other provisions of this Part or their application to other persons
and circumstances, and those remaining provisions shall not be affected but shall
remain in full force and effect.
Pursuant to Education Law sections 2-d, 101, 207 and 305,
Part 121 of the Regulations of the Commissioner of Education
Strengthening Data Privacy and Security in NY State Educational Agencies to
Protect Personally Identifiable Information
§121.1 Definitions.
As used in this Part, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(a) Breach means the unauthorized acquisition, access, use, or disclosure of
student data and/or teacher or principal data by or to a person not authorized to acquire,
access, use, or receive the student data and/or teacher or principal data.
(b) Chief Privacy Officer means the Chief Privacy Officer appointed by the
Commissioner pursuant to Education Law §2-d.
(c) Commercial or Marketing Purpose means the sale of student data; or its
use or disclosure for purposes of receiving remuneration, whether directly or indirectly;
the use of student data for advertising purposes, or to develop, improve or market
products or services to students.
(d) Contract or other written agreement means a binding agreement between
an educational agency and a third-party, which shall include but not be limited to an
agreement created in electronic form and signed with an electronic or digital signature
or a click wrap agreement that is used with software licenses, downloaded and/or online
applications and transactions for educational technologies and other technologies in
which a user must agree to terms and conditions prior to using the product or service.
(e) Disclose or Disclosure mean to permit access to, or the release, transfer,
or other communication of personally identifiable information by any means, including
oral, written, or electronic, whether intended or unintended.
(f) Education Records means an education record as defined in the Family
Educational Rights and Privacy Act and its implementing regulations, 20 U.S.C. 1232g
and 34 C.F.R. Part 99, respectively.
(g) Educational Agency means a school district, board of cooperative
educational services (BOCES), school, or the Department.
(h) Eligible Student means a student who is eighteen years or older.
(i) Encryption means methods of rendering personally identifiable information
unusable, unreadable, or indecipherable to unauthorized persons through the use of a
technology or methodology specified or permitted by the Secretary of the United States
department of health and human services in guidance issued under Section
13402(H)(2) of Public Law 111-5.
(j) FERPA means the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and its
implementing regulations, 20 U.S.C. 1232g and 34 C.F.R. Part 99, respectively.
(k) NIST Cybersecurity Framework means the U.S. Department of Commerce
National Institute for Standards and Technology Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity Version 1.1 which is available at the Office of Counsel,
State Education Department, State Education Building, Room 148, 89 Washington
Avenue, Albany, New York 12234.
(l) Parent means a parent, legal guardian, or person in parental relation to a
student.
(m) Personally Identifiable Information, as applied to student data, means
personally identifiable information as defined in section 99.3 of Title 34 of the Code of
Federal Regulations implementing the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20
U.S.C 1232g, and as applied to teacher and principal data, means personally
identifiable information as such term is defined in Education Law §3012-c (10).
(n) Release shall have the same meaning as Disclosure or Disclose.
(o) School means any public elementary or secondary school including a
charter school, universal pre-kindergarten program authorized pursuant to Education
Law §3602-e, an approved provider of preschool special education, any other publicly
funded pre-kindergarten program, a school serving children in a special act school
district as defined in Education Law §4001, an approved private school for the
education of students with disabilities, a State-supported school subject to the
provisions of Article 85 of the Education Law, or a State-operated school subject to the
provisions of Articles 87 or 88 of the Education Law .
(p) Student means any person attending or seeking to enroll in an educational
agency.
(q) Student Data means personally identifiable information from the student
records of an educational agency.
(r) Teacher or Principal Data means personally identifiable information from
the records of an educational agency relating to the annual professional performance
reviews of classroom teachers or principals that is confidential and not subject to
release under the provisions of Education Law §§3012-c and 3012-d.
(s) Third-Party Contractor means any person or entity, other than an
educational agency, that receives student data or teacher or principal data from an
educational agency pursuant to a contract or other written agreement for purposes of
providing services to such educational agency, including but not limited to data
management or storage services, conducting studies for or on behalf of such
educational agency, or audit or evaluation of publicly funded programs. Such term shall
include an educational partnership organization that receives student and/or teacher or
principal data from a school district to carry out its responsibilities pursuant to Education
Law §211-e and is not an educational agency, and a not-for-profit corporation or other
nonprofit organization, other than an educational agency.
(t) Unauthorized Disclosure or Unauthorized Release means any disclosure
or release not permitted by federal or State statute or regulation, any lawful contract or
written agreement, or that does not respond to a lawful order of a court or tribunal or
other lawful order.
§121.2 Educational Agency Data Collection Transparency and Restrictions.
(a) Educational agencies shall not sell personally identifiable information nor
use or disclose it for any marketing or commercial purpose or facilitate its use or
disclosure by any other party for any marketing or commercial purpose or permit
another party to do so.
(b) Each educational agency shall take steps to minimize its collection,
processing and transmission of personally identifiable information.
(c) Each educational agency shall ensure that it has provisions in its contracts
with third party contractors or in separate data sharing and confidentiality agreements
that require the confidentiality of shared student data or teacher or principal data be
maintained in accordance with federal and state law and the educational agency's data
security and privacy policy.
(d) Except as required by law or in the case of educational enrollment data,
school districts shall not report to the department the following student data elements:
(1) juvenile delinquency records;
(2) criminal records;
(3) medical and health records;and
(4) student biometric information.
§121.3 Bill of Rights for Data Privacy and Security.
(a) Each educational agency shall publish on its website a parent’s bill of
rights for data privacy and security (“bill of rights”) that complies with the provisions of
Education Law §2-d (3).
(b) The bill of rights shall also be included with every contract an educational
agency enters with a third-party contractor that receives personally identifiable
information.
(c) The bill of rights shall also include supplemental information for each
contract the educational agency enters into with a third-party contractor where the third party contractor receives student data or teacher or principal data. The supplemental
information must be developed by the educational agency and include the following
information:
(1) the exclusive purposes for which the student data or teacher or principal
data will be used by the third-party contractor, as defined in the contract;
(2) how the third-party contractor will ensure that the subcontractors, or other
authorized persons or entities to whom the third-party contractor will
disclose the student data or teacher or principal data, if any, will abide by
all applicable data protection and security requirements, including but not
limited to those outlined in applicable state and federal laws and
regulations (e.g., FERPA; Education Law §2-d);
(3) the duration of the contract, including the contract’s expiration date and a
description of what will happen to the student data or teacher or principal
data upon expiration of the contract or other written agreement (e.g.,
whether, when and in what format it will be returned to the educational
agency, and/or whether, when and how the data will be destroyed).
(4) if and how a parent, student, eligible student, teacher or principal may
challenge the accuracy of the student data or teacher or principal data that
is collected;
(5) where the student data or teacher or principal data will be stored,
described in such a manner as to protect data security, and the security
protections taken to ensure such data will be protected and data security
and privacy risks mitigated; and
(6) address how the data will be protected using encryption while in motion
and at rest.
(d) Each educational agency shall publish on its website the supplement to
the bill of rights for any contract or other written agreement with a third-party contractor
that will receive personally identifiable information.
(e) The bill of rights and supplemental information may be redacted to the
extent necessary to safeguard the privacy and/or security of the educational agency’s
data and/or technology infrastructure.
§121.4 Complaints of Breach or Unauthorized Release of Personally Identifiable
Information
(a) Each educational agency must establish and communicate to parents,
eligible students, teachers, principals or other staff of an educational agency, its
procedures for them to file complaints about breaches or unauthorized releases of
student data and/or teacher or principal data.
(b) The complaint procedures must require educational agencies to promptly
acknowledge receipt of complaints, commence an investigation, and take the necessary
precautions to protect personally identifiable information.
(c) Following its investigation of a submitted complaint, the educational
agency shall provide the parent or eligible student, teacher, principal or any other staff
member of the educational agency who filed a complaint with its findings within a
reasonable period but no more than 60 calendar days from the receipt of the complaint
by the educational agency. Where the educational agency requires additional time, or
where the response may compromise security or impede a law enforcement
investigation, the educational agency shall provide the parent, eligible student, teacher,
principal or any other staff member of the educational agency who filed a complaint with
a written explanation that includes the approximate date when the educational agency
anticipates that it will respond to the complaint.
(d) Educational agencies may require complaints to be submitted in writing.
(e) Educational agencies must maintain a record of all complaints of breaches
or unauthorized releases of student data and their disposition in accordance with
applicable data retention policies, including the Records Retention and Disposition
Schedule ED-1 (1988; rev. 2004), as set forth in section 185.12, Appendix I of this Title.
§121.5 Data Security and Privacy Standard.
(a) As required by Education Law §2-d (5), the Department adopts the
National Institute for Standards and Technology Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity Version 1.1 (NIST Cybersecurity Framework or NIST CSF)
as the standard for data security and privacy for educational agencies.
(b) No later than July 1, 2020, each educational agency shall adopt and
publish a data security and privacy policy that implements the requirements of this Part
and aligns with the NIST CSF.
(c) Each educational agency’s data security and privacy policy must also
address the data privacy protections set forth in Education Law §2-d (5)(b)(1) and (2) as
follows:
(1) every use and disclosure of personally identifiable information by the
educational agency shall benefit students and the educational agency
(e.g., improve academic achievement, empower parents and students with
information, and/or advance efficient and effective school operations).
(2) personally identifiable information shall not be included in public reports or
other documents.
(d) An educational agency’s data security and privacy policy shall include all
the protections afforded to parents or eligible students, where applicable, under FERPA
and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.), and the
federal regulations implementing such statutes.
(e) Each educational agency must publish its data security and privacy policy
on its website and provide notice of the policy to all its officers and employees.
§121.6 Data Security and Privacy Plan.
(a) Each educational agency that enters into a contract with a third-party
contractor shall ensure that the contract includes the third-party contractor’s data
security and privacy plan that is accepted by the educational agency. The data security
and privacy plan shall, at a minimum:
(1) outline how the third-party contractor will implement all state, federal, and
local data security and privacy contract requirements over the life of the
contract, consistent with the educational agency's data security and
privacy policy;
(2) specify the administrative, operational and technical safeguards and
practices it has in place to protect personally identifiable information that it
will receive under the contract;
(3) demonstrate that it complies with the requirements of Section 121.3(c) of
this Part;
(4) specify how officers or employees of the third-party contractor and its
assignees who have access to student data, or teacher or principal data
receive or will receive training on the federal and state laws governing
confidentiality of such data prior to receiving access;
(5) specify if the third-party contractor will utilize sub-contractors and how it
will manage those relationships and contracts to ensure personally
identifiable information is protected;
(6) specify how the third-party contractor will manage data security and
privacy incidents that implicate personally identifiable information including
specifying any plans to identify breaches and unauthorized disclosures,
and to promptly notify the educational agency;
(7) describe whether, how and when data will be returned to the educational
agency, transitioned to a successor contractor, at the educational
agency’s option and direction, deleted or destroyed by the third-party
contractor when the contract is terminated or expires.
§121.7 Training for Educational Agency Employees.
Educational agencies shall annually provide data privacy and security awareness
training to their officers and employees with access to personally identifiable
information. Such training should include but not be limited to training on the state and
federal laws that protect personally identifiable information, and how employees can
comply with such laws. Such training may be delivered using online training tools and
may be included as part of training the educational agency already offers to its
workforce.
§121.8 Educational Agency Data Protection Officer
(a) Each educational agency shall designate a Data Protection Officer to be
responsible for the implementation of the policies and procedures required in Education
Law §2-d and this Part, and to serve as the point of contact for data security and privacy
for the educational agency.
(b) Data Protection Officers must have the appropriate knowledge, training
and experience to administer the functions described in this Part.
(c) A current employee of an educational agency may perform this function in
addition to other job responsibilities.
§121.9 Third Party Contractors
(a) In addition to all other requirements for third-party contractors set forth in
this Part, each third-party contractor that will receive student data or teacher or principal
data shall:
(1) adopt technologies, safeguards and practices that align with the NIST
Cybersecurity Framework;
(2) comply with the data security and privacy policy of the educational agency
with whom it contracts; Education Law § 2-d; and this Part;
(3) limit internal access to personally identifiable information to only those
employees or sub-contractors that need access to provide the contracted
services;
(4) not use the personally identifiable information for any purpose not
explicitly authorized in its contract;
(5) not disclose any personally identifiable information to any other party
without the prior written consent of the parent or eligible student:
(i) except for authorized representatives of the third-party contractor such as
a subcontractor or assignee to the extent they are carrying out the
contract and in compliance with state and federal law, regulations and its
contract with the educational agency; or
(ii) unless required by statute or court order and the third-party contractor
provides a notice of disclosure to the department, district board of
education, or institution that provided the information no later than the time
the information is disclosed, unless providing notice of disclosure is
expressly prohibited by the statute or court order.
(6) maintain reasonable administrative, technical and physical safeguards to
protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of personally identifiable
information in its custody;
(7) use encryption to protect personally identifiable information in its custody
while in motion or at rest; and
(8) not sell personally identifiable information nor use or disclose it for any
marketing or commercial purpose or facilitate its use or disclosure by any
other party for any marketing or commercial purpose or permit another
party to do so.
(b) Where a third-party contractor engages a subcontractor to perform its
contractual obligations, the data protection obligations imposed on the third-party
contractor by state and federal law and contract shall apply to the subcontractor.
§121.10 Reports and Notifications of Breach and Unauthorized Release
(a) Third-party contractors shall promptly notify each educational agency with
which it has a contract of any breach or unauthorized release of personally identifiable
information in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay but no
more than seven calendar days after the discovery of such breach.
(b) Each educational agency shall in turn notify the Chief Privacy Officer of
the breach or unauthorized release no more than 10 calendar days after it receives the
third-party contractor’s notification using a form or format prescribed by the Department.
(c) Third-party contractors must cooperate with educational agencies and law
enforcement to protect the integrity of investigations into the breach or unauthorized
release of personally identifiable information.
(d) Educational agencies shall report every discovery or report of a breach or
unauthorized release of student, teacher or principal data to the Chief Privacy Officer
without unreasonable delay, but no more than 10 calendar days after such discovery.
(e) Educational agencies shall notify affected parents, eligible students,
teachers and/or principals in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable
delay, but no more than 60 calendar days after the discovery of a breach or
unauthorized release by an educational agency or the receipt of a notification of a
breach or unauthorized release from a third-party contractor unless that notification
would interfere with an ongoing investigation by law enforcement or cause further
disclosure of personally identifiable information by disclosing an unfixed security
vulnerability. Where notification is delayed under these circumstances, the educational
agency shall notify parents, eligible students, teachers and/or principals within seven
calendar days after the security vulnerability has been remedied or the risk of
interference with the law enforcement investigation ends.
(f) Where a breach or unauthorized release is attributed to a third-party
contractor, the third-party contractor shall pay for or promptly reimburse the educational
agency for the full cost of such notification.
(g) Notifications required by this section shall be clear, concise, use language
that is plain and easy to understand, and to the extent available, include: a brief
description of the breach or unauthorized release, the dates of the incident and the
date of discovery, if known; a description of the types of personally identifiable
information affected; an estimate of the number of records affected; a brief description
of the educational agency’s investigation or plan to investigate; and contact information
for representatives who can assist parents or eligible students that have additional
questions.
(h) Notification must be directly provided to the affected parent, eligible
student, teacher or principal by first-class mail to their last known address; by email; or
by telephone.
(i) Upon the belief that a breach or unauthorized release constitutes criminal
conduct, the Chief Privacy Officer shall report such breach and unauthorized release to
law enforcement in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay.
§121.11 Third Party Contractor Civil Penalties
(a) Each third party contractor that receives student data or teacher or
principal data pursuant to a contract or other written agreement with an educational
agency shall be required to notify such educational agency of any breach of security
resulting in an unauthorized release of such data by the third party contractor or its
assignees in violation of applicable state or federal law, the parents bill of rights for
student data privacy and security, the data privacy and security policies of the
educational agency and/or binding contractual obligations relating to data privacy and
security, in the most expedient way possible and without unreasonable delay. Each
violation of this paragraph by a third-party contractor shall be punishable by a civil
penalty of the greater of $5,000 or up to $10 per student, teacher, and principal whose
data was released, provided that the latter amount shall not exceed the maximum
penalty imposed under General Business Law §899-aa (6) (a).
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (a) each violation of
Education Law §2-d by a third-party contractor or its assignee shall be punishable by a
civil penalty of up to $1,000.00; a second violation by the same third party contractor
involving the same data shall be punishable by a civil penalty of up to $5,000; any
subsequent violation by the same third party contractor involving the same data shall be
punishable by a civil penalty of up to $10,000. Each violation shall be considered a
separate violation for purposes of civil penalties and the total penalty shall not exceed
the maximum penalty imposed under General Business Law §899-aa (6) (a).
(c) The Chief Privacy Officer shall investigate reports of breaches or
unauthorized releases of student data or teacher or principal data by third-party
contractors. As part of an investigation, the Chief Privacy Officer may require that the
parties submit documentation, provide testimony, and may visit, examine and/or inspect
the third-party contractor’s facilities and records.
(d) Upon conclusion of an investigation, if the Chief Privacy Officer
determines that a third-party contractor has through its actions or omissions caused
student data or teacher or principal data to be breached or released to any person or
entity not authorized by law to receive such data in violation of applicable state or
federal law, the data and security policies of the educational agency, and/or any binding
contractual obligations, the Chief Privacy Officer shall notify the third-party contractor of
such finding and give the third-party contractor no more than 30 days to submit a written
response.
(e) () If after reviewing the third-party contractor’s written response, the Chief
Privacy Officer determines the incident to be a violation of Education Law §2-d,
the Chief Privacy Officer shall be authorized to:
(1) order the third-party contractor be precluded from accessing personally
identifiable information from the affected educational agency for a fixed
period of up to five years; and/or
(2) order that a third-party contractor or assignee who knowingly or recklessly
allowed for the breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher
or principal data be precluded from accessing student data or teacher or
principal data from any educational agency in the state for a fixed period
of up to five years; and/or
(3) order that a third party contractor who knowingly or recklessly allowed for
the breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher or principal
data shall not be deemed a responsible bidder or offeror on any contract
with an educational agency that involves the sharing of student data or
teacher or principal data, as applicable for purposes of the provisions of
General Municipal Law §103 or State Finance Law §163(10)(c), as
applicable, for a fixed period of up to five years;
(4) require the third-party contractor to provide additional training governing
confidentiality of student data and/or teacher or principal data to all its
officers and employees with reasonable access to such data and certify
that it has been performed, at the contractor's expense. Such additional
training must be performed immediately and include a review of federal
and state laws, rules, regulations, including Education Law §2-d and this
Part.
(f) If the Chief Privacy Officer determines that the breach or unauthorized
release of student data or teacher or principal data on the part of the third-party
contractor or assignee was inadvertent and done without intent, knowledge,
recklessness or gross negligence, the Chief Privacy Officer would make a
recommendation to the Commissioner that no penalty be issued upon the third-party
contractor. The Commissioner would then make a final determination as to whether the
breach or unauthorized release of student data or teacher or principal data on the part
of the third-party contractor or assignee was inadvertent and done without intent,
knowledge, recklessness or gross negligence and whether or not a penalty should be
issued.
§121.12 Right of Parents and Eligible Students to Inspect and Review Students
Education Records
(a) Consistent with the obligations of the educational agency under FERPA,
parents and eligible students shall have the right to inspect and review a student’s
education record by making a request directly to the educational agency in a manner
prescribed by the educational agency.
(b) An educational agency shall ensure that only authorized individuals are
able to inspect and review student data. To that end, educational agencies shall take
steps to verify the identity of parents or eligible students who submit requests to inspect
and review an education record and verify the individual’s authority to do so.
(c) Requests by a parent or eligible student for access to a student’s
education records must be directed to an educational agency and not to a third-party
contractor. An educational agency may require that requests to inspect and review
education records be made in writing.
(d) Educational agencies are required to notify parents annually of their right
to request to inspect and review their child’s education record including any student
data stored or maintained by an educational agency. A notice issued by an educational
agency to comply with the FERPA annual notice requirement shall be deemed to satisfy
this requirement. Two separate annual notices shall not be required.
(e) Educational agencies shall comply with a request for access to records
within a reasonable period, but not more than 45 calendar days after receipt of a
request.
(f) Educational agencies may provide the records to a parent or eligible
student electronically, if the parent consents to such a delivery method. The educational
agency must transmit the personally identifiable information in a way that complies with
State and federal law and regulations. Safeguards associated with industry standards
and best practices, including but not limited to, encryption and password protection,
must be in place when education records requested by a parent or eligible student are
electronically transmitted.
§121.13 Chief Privacy Officer’s Powers
(a) The Chief Privacy Officer shall have the power to access all records,
reports, audits, reviews, documents, papers, recommendations, and other materials
maintained by an educational agency that relate to student data or teacher or principal
data, which shall include but not be limited to records related to any technology product
or service that will be utilized to store and/or process personally identifiable information.
(b) Based upon a review of such records, the Chief Privacy Officer may
require an educational agency to act to ensure that personally identifiable information is
protected in accordance with state and federal law and regulations, including but not
limited to requiring an educational agency to perform a privacy impact and security risk
assessment.
(c) The Chief Privacy Officer shall also have and exercise any other powers
that the commissioner shall deem appropriate.
§ 121.14 Severability.
If any provision of this Part or its application to any person or circumstances is
adjudged invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, such judgment shall not affect or
impair the validity of the other provisions of this Part or their application to other persons
and circumstances, and those remaining provisions shall not be affected but shall
remain in full force and effect.
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